Quick Navigation

IMPRODUCT Function

Excel 2007+

Summary

The Excel IMPRODUCT function multiplies 1 to 255 complex numbers together, returning the product in standard complex number format (x+yi). Essential for complex mathematical calculations in engineering, physics, and signal processing applications.

Syntax

IMPRODUCT(inumber1, [inumber2], ... )

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
inumber1	`Complex`	Yes	First complex number to multiply (required)
[inumber2], ...	`Complex`	No	Additional complex numbers (1-254 more, optional)

Using the IMPRODUCT Function

IMPRODUCT performs complex number multiplication for advanced mathematical operations. Use COMPLEX() to create complex numbers from real/imaginary parts, then multiply them together for calculations in electrical engineering, physics simulations, or any application requiring complex arithmetic.

Common IMPRODUCT Examples

Multiply Two Complex Numbers

=IMPRODUCT("3+4i","5-3i")

Multiplies (3+4i) × (5-3i) = 27+11i

Complex Number Times Real Number

=IMPRODUCT("1+2i",30)

Multiplies (1+2i) × 30 = 30+60i

Using COMPLEX Function

=IMPRODUCT(COMPLEX(3,4),COMPLEX(5,-3))

Creates complex numbers first, then multiplies: same as first example

Three Complex Numbers

=IMPRODUCT("1+i","1-i",COMPLEX(2,0))

Multiplies three complex numbers together

Frequently Asked Questions

IMPRODUCT accepts x+yi or x+yj format. Use COMPLEX(real_num, i_num) to create them.

Yes, real numbers automatically convert to complex numbers with zero imaginary part.

Up to 255 complex numbers total.

Common Errors and Solutions

#NUM! error

Cause: Invalid complex number format

Solution: Use correct x+yi format or COMPLEX() function

#VALUE! error

Cause: Non-numeric text in complex number

Solution: Ensure proper numeric format in real/imaginary parts

Too many arguments

Cause: More than 255 complex numbers provided

Solution: Limit to 255 arguments maximum

Notes

Use COMPLEX(real_num, imaginary_num) to create complex numbers
Result always returns in x+yi format
Zero imaginary part real numbers work automatically
Available since Excel 2007
Combine with IMREAL(), IMAGINARY(), IMABS() for analysis

Compatibility

Available in: Excel 2007, Excel 2010, Excel 2013, Excel 2016, Excel 2019, Excel 2021, Microsoft 365

Not available in: Excel 2003 and earlier

Content last reviewed: December 9, 2025
Update frequency: As needed
Excel versions tested: Excel 2007+