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MAX Function
Summary
The MAX function in Excel returns the largest numeric value from a set of numbers, ranges, or arrays. It efficiently identifies the highest value across multiple inputs, ignoring non-numeric data like text and empty cells.
Syntax
MAX(number1, [number2], ...)Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| number1 | Number|Range|Array |
Yes | The first number or range to evaluate (required) - can be a single value, cell reference, or array |
| number2 | Number|Range|Array |
No | Additional numbers or ranges (optional) - up to 254 more arguments can be included |
Using the MAX Function
MAX is perfect for finding peak values in datasets such as sales records, test scores, temperatures, or any scenario requiring the highest number from a group. Use it standalone for simple lists or combine with other functions for conditional maximums.
Common MAX Examples
Basic Range Maximum
=MAX(A2:A6)Returns 27, the largest value in cells A2 through A6 containing {10,7,9,27,2}.
Combining Range and Literal Value
=MAX(A2:A6, 30)Returns 30 since it's larger than the maximum (27) in range A2:A6.
Multiple Separate Ranges
=MAX(B2:B10, D5:D15, 100)Finds highest value across three separate ranges and a constant.
Dynamic with Current Year
=MAX(sales[Jan:Dec], YEAR(TODAY()))Compares monthly sales against current year for threshold analysis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common Errors and Solutions
#VALUE! error
Cause: Arguments contain error values or unconvertible text
Solution: Remove error cells or wrap with IFERROR
Unexpected results with text numbers
Cause: Text like '123' in ranges is ignored
Solution: Use VALUE() or MAXA() to include text numbers
Notes
- Only numbers contribute to the result; text, blanks, and logicals in ranges are skipped
- Directly entered TRUE=1, FALSE=0, and text numbers like '5' are counted
- For including logicals/text in ranges, use MAXA function instead
- Perfect for array formulas and dynamic arrays in modern Excel
Compatibility
Available in: Excel 2007, Excel 2010, Excel 2013, Excel 2016, Excel 2019, Excel 2021, Microsoft 365
Not available in:
Content last reviewed: December 11, 2025
Update frequency: As needed
Excel versions tested: Excel 2007+