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TYPE Function
Summary
The Excel TYPE function identifies the data type of a value, returning a numeric code that indicates whether the value is a number, text, logical value, error, array, or compound data. This is essential for dynamic formulas that behave differently based on input types.
Syntax
TYPE(value)Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| value | Any |
Yes | The value whose type you want to determine. Accepts numbers, text, logical values, errors, arrays, or cell references. |
Using the TYPE Function
TYPE is invaluable in advanced Excel formulas where functions need to adapt based on data types. Use it to create flexible formulas that handle mixed data types gracefully, or to debug formulas by identifying unexpected data types.
Common TYPE Examples
Basic Data Type Detection
=TYPE(A2)Returns 2 if A2 contains text 'Smith', indicating text data type.
Text Concatenation Type Check
=TYPE("Mr. "&A2)Returns 2, confirming the concatenated result is text.
Error Value Detection
=TYPE(2+A2)Returns 16 when A2 contains text, identifying the #VALUE! error type.
Array Type Identification
=TYPE({1,2;3,4})Returns 64 for array constants.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common Errors and Solutions
#VALUE! error
Cause: Invalid value argument
Solution: Ensure value parameter contains valid Excel data
Unexpected return code
Cause: Resulting value type differs from expectation
Solution: Check the actual data type using the TYPE return codes reference
Notes
- TYPE cannot distinguish between formula cells and value cells
- Use with functions like IF, CHOOSE, or custom UDFs that require type awareness
- Array return code (64) applies to both constant arrays and dynamic arrays
- Compound data (128) typically appears with certain advanced functions
Compatibility
Available in: Excel 2007, Excel 2010, Excel 2013, Excel 2016, Excel 2019, Excel 2021, Microsoft 365
Not available in:
Content last reviewed: December 11, 2025
Update frequency: As needed
Excel versions tested: Excel 2007+