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ABS Function
Summary
The Excel ABS function returns the absolute value of a number, removing its sign while preserving its magnitude. This is essential for mathematical calculations requiring positive values regardless of the input sign.
Syntax
ABS(number)Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| number | Number |
Yes | Any real number (positive, negative, or zero) from a cell reference, constant, or formula |
Using the ABS Function
ABS is a foundational math function used whenever you need the magnitude of a number without regard to its sign. Common applications include calculating distances, differences between values, standard deviations, and ensuring positive results in financial formulas.
Common ABS Examples
Basic Absolute Value
=ABS(-5)Returns 5 (absolute value of -5)
Cell Reference
=ABS(A1)Returns absolute value of number in cell A1
Positive Number
=ABS(10)Returns 10 (unchanged)
Zero Value
=ABS(0)Returns 0
Practical Use - Difference
=ABS(B2-A2)Calculates absolute difference between two cells, always positive
Frequently Asked Questions
Common Errors and Solutions
#VALUE!
Cause: Non-numeric argument provided
Solution: Ensure input is a valid number or numeric cell reference
Wrong result for positive numbers
Cause: Expecting sign change
Solution: ABS doesn't change positive numbers or zero
Notes
- Always returns a non-negative number
- Does not round numbers - preserves decimal precision
- Available in all Excel versions
- Very fast execution even with large datasets
Compatibility
Available in: Excel 2007, Excel 2010, Excel 2013, Excel 2016, Excel 2019, Excel 2021, Microsoft 365
Not available in:
Content last reviewed: December 11, 2025
Update frequency: As needed
Excel versions tested: Excel 2007+