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STDEV Function

Excel 2003, Excel 2007, Excel 2010

Summary

The STDEV function estimates the standard deviation of a sample dataset, measuring how much individual data points vary from the mean value. This statistical function uses the 'n-1' method for unbiased sample variance estimation.

Syntax

STDEV(number1,[number2],...)

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
number1	`Number`	Yes	Required first number argument or cell range representing sample data
number2	`Number`	No	Optional additional numbers, arrays, or ranges (2-255 arguments)

Using the STDEV Function

STDEV is essential for statistical analysis when working with sample data rather than entire populations. Use it to quantify data variability in quality control, financial modeling, scientific research, and performance metrics.

Common STDEV Examples

Basic Sample Standard Deviation

=STDEV(A2:A11)

Calculates standard deviation for strength measurements in cells A2 through A11 (result: 27.46)

Multiple Value Arguments

=STDEV(10,12,15,14,13)

Computes standard deviation for individual values entered directly

Comparing Multiple Datasets

=STDEV(B2:B10)-STDEV(C2:C10)

Measures difference in variability between two datasets

Frequently Asked Questions

STDEV uses n-1 (sample data) while STDEVP uses n (population data). Use STDEV for samples.

No, STDEV ignores text, logical values, and empty cells when referencing ranges.

STDEV.S is the modern replacement with same functionality and clearer naming.

Common Errors and Solutions

#VALUE! error

Cause: Arguments contain text that can't convert to numbers

Solution: Ensure all arguments are numeric or use STDEVA to include text representations

#DIV/0! error

Cause: Only one numeric value provided

Solution: Provide at least two numbers for standard deviation calculation

Notes

Microsoft recommends using STDEV.S for new workbooks
Legacy function maintained for backward compatibility
Perfect for sample data analysis (not entire populations)
Formula: sqrt(sum((xi-mean)^2)/(n-1))

Compatibility

Available in: Excel 2003, Excel 2007, Excel 2010, Excel 2013, Excel 2016, Excel 2019, Excel 365

Not available in:

Content last reviewed: December 9, 2025
Update frequency: As needed
Excel versions tested: Excel 2003, Excel 2007, Excel 2010